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Ethics of Care

An ethical framework that prioritizes responsiveness to the needs of particular others over abstract universal principles is the ethics of care, developed by Carol Gilligan and Nel Noddings as a feminist alternative to justice-focused moral theory.

Type: Concept Domain: Philosophy Social Science Medicine

Overview

Rather than deriving duties from universal rules or calculating consequences for abstract individuals, care ethics centers relationships, empathy, and contextual judgment about what particular people in specific situations need. It challenged the autonomous rational subject assumed by Kantian and liberal ethics, arguing that human beings are fundamentally interdependent rather than self-sufficient agents.

Why it matters

Care ethics has transformed nursing, pediatric medicine, and social work by providing frameworks that center the quality of the helping relationship rather than merely the technical outcome, and it has profoundly influenced political theory by raising fundamental questions about whose labor sustains society and how it is valued.

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